FUNCTIONS

EVEN AND ODD FUNCTIONS


If f(x)=f(-x), then f(x) is even function
and if f(x) =-f(-x) then f(x) is odd function
For example Sin(x) is odd function while cos(x) is even function. This means that sin(x)=-sin(-x) and cos(x)=cos(-x)


With this basic understanding, let us see this question.


Problem : If function f satisfies the relation f(x+1)+f(1-x)=2f(x) for all real values of x and f(0)< or >0, then prove that f(x) is even.
Solution:
f(x+1)+f(1-x)=2f(x)
Replacing x with -x
f(1-x)+f(1+x)=2f(-x)
Comparing both we get, 2 f(x) = 2 f(-x)
Hence f(x) = f(-x)
Hence proved that, f(x) is an even function.


COMPOSITE FUNCTIONS






Let f : A à B, and  g : B à C, be two functions, then gof : A à C
This is known as the product function or composite of f and g, given by gof(x)=g{f(x)} for all real values of x.
The symbols  f : A à B is read as Function F maps A to B.


It is  to be noted that fog = f{g (x)} and (f ± g) x = f(x) ± g(x) and (f/g)x=f(x)/g(x)

Example:

If F : RàR and G : RàR, be two mappings such that f(x) = sin x and g(x)=x²

Then show that fog ≠ gof

Solution : Let x € R,

So (fog) x = f {g(x)} = sin(x²)         -----(1)

While (gof) x = g {f(x)} = g {sinx} = (sinx)² = sin²x    -----(2)

From (1) & (2), (fog) x ≠ (gof) x

PERIODIC FUNCTIONS
   


A function f(x) is said to be periodic function of x, if there exists a positive real number T such that f(x+T) = f(x). Then the smallest value of T is called the Period of the function.
For example Sin x is periodic because

Sin(2π+x)= Sin(x) and also sin(4π+x)=Sin(x) = Sin(6π+x) and so on…. But 2π being the smallest value is the period of the function.

Example: Show tha cos(√x) is non-periodic.

Solution: Let Cos(√x) be periodic with T as the period.

So, Cos(√x) = Cos{ √ (T+x) }

à √ (T+x)  = 2nπ ± √x

Putting x = 0, we get,  √T= 2nπ    -----(1)

Putting x=T, we get  √2T = 2nπ ± √T     ----(2)

From (1) and (2) we get, √2T = √T ± √T

Or √T x √2 = √T (1 ± 1)

Or √2 = 1 ± 1, which is not possible, Hence Cos√x is not periodic function.

IIT JEE EXAM 2011- EXAM DATE 10 April 2011, Last date to Apply = 15 December 2010